S3U

Science / Networking / Grade 8 / sn8p4

Subnet Routes: A Mask Can Split a Local LAN

Explain a routing mistake without assuming that it proves a service failure.

All worksheets

Watch the lesson | Try the subnet repairs in Network Workshop

5 questions0m 0s
Learn the skill

In this model the laptop has one connected LAN, its ordinary connected route and a default gateway, with no extra routes. Compare the destination with the laptop's block using its prefix. Send locally for a host inside that block; otherwise use the nearby gateway interface. Correct route selection alone does not establish service availability, delivery or security.

Worked example

Separate example: a laptop at 192.0.2.90/26 belongs to 64-127. Host .110 is local. Host .40 is outside, so the next hop is the nearby gateway .65, not a router interface on the far LAN.

Separate worked example: laptop .90/26 and Archive .110 use the 64-127 LAN. Router interface .65 is nearby; its .1 interface connects to Observatory .40 on the 0-63 LAN. All addresses begin with 192.0.2.
Worked example only. Apply the same method to the different /25 records below.

Lower workshop LAN / fictional route records

All addresses begin with 192.0.2. The actual workshop LAN is 0/25. Its laptop is .30/25, nearby gateway .1 and Archive .90. Observatory .200 is on the separate 128/25 LAN, where the router's other interface is .129. Links, onward and return routes work. No extra routes apply. For one question, only the laptop is mistakenly set to /26; physical connections and other settings do not change. Do not contact or configure real devices.

Question 1 With the correct /25 prefix, how should the laptop reach Archive .90?
Question 2 With the correct /25 prefix, what next hop should the laptop use for Observatory .200?
Question 3 What mistake does the laptop make if only its prefix changes to /26?
Question 4 For the correct 0/25 LAN, how many ordinary host addresses exist before subtracting occupied ones?
Question 5 What does choosing the correct next hop establish by itself?