Debit means the left side of an account; credit means the right. Assets such as Cash and Equipment increase with debits and decrease with credits. Liabilities such as Loan Payable and the owner's Capital increase with credits and decrease with debits. Every entry has equal total debits and credits, across at least two accounts. These words do not simply mean good, bad, money in or money out.
Worked example
Separate example: an owner adds 60, equipment costs 20 cash, a loan brings in 15, then 5 of loan principal is repaid. Cash is 60 - 20 + 15 - 5 = 50. Equipment is 20, Loan Payable 10 and Capital 60. Assets 70 = liabilities 10 + equity 60. A repayment debits Loan Payable and credits Cash.
Your workshop records
Start with zero balances. J1: the owner contributes 100 cash. J2: the workshop borrows 40 cash. J3: it buys equipment for 30 cash. J4: it repays 10 of loan principal. All amounts are fictional dollars. Record equipment as an asset. Ignore interest, tax, depreciation and fees; no sales, expenses or other transactions occur. No real accounts or household information are needed.